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Content Information |
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Title: Hopi Weaving
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
A brief history of weaving among the Hopi.
The origins of Hopi weaving extend deep in time. For many centuries, Hopi men grew short-staple cotton that they spun into thread and then wove into fabric. They used an upright loom to weave blankets and cloth. The fabric was made into everyday clot...
Show Keywords: 1500s; 1650s; 1700s; 1800s; 1930s; Americans; arrows; barters; belts; blankets; boarding schools; bows; buckskins; calico; churro; clothing; Colton, Dr. Harold S.; cotton; curators; deer; dresses; dye; Eleventh; embroidery; fashions; food; future; government; Havasupais; hide; hispanics; history; Hopis; horses; marriage; meat; mescal; Mexico; moccasins; Mormons; Museum of Northern Arizona; museums; native cloth; Navajos; New Mexicans; Ninth; piñons; Pueblo Indians; Pueblo Revolt; railroad; Rio Grande; rituals; sash; settlers; sheep; shells; Southwest; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; Tenth; threads; traders; trading posts; tribute; Twelfth; uniforms; villages; weaving; White Mountain Apaches; wool |
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Title: Acoma
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
An introduction to the history and culture of the people of Acoma.
Tribal elders say that Acoma (sometimes spelled Akome, Acuo, Acuco, Ako and A’ku-me) means “a place that always was.” Archaeologists have found artifacts at digs on Acoma Mesa that speak of prehistoric times. Like its near neighbors Hopi and Zu...
Show Keywords: 1200s; 1500s; 1560s; 1580s; 1590s; 1600s; 1620s; 1680s; 1690s; 1700s; 1800s; 1900s; Acoma Mesa; Acoma Pueblo; Acomas; Alvarado, Captain Hernando de; Americans; ancestral pueblo; animals; archaeologists; armor; artifacts; Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad; Battle of Acoma; battles; beans; Bigotes; burros; camps; cannons; cantos; captains; Catholicism; Chaco Canyon; chiefs; church; citadels; clans; cliffs; colonialism; Colorado; commerce; conceive; conquistadores; consumerism; converts; corn; cornfields; Coronado, Francisco Vázquez de; cows; crops; dances; daughters; death; defend; digs; disasters; elders; emigration; Enchanted Mesa; Espejo, Antonio de; expeditions; exploitation; farming; Father Sun; fields; fire; Franciscans; fruit; girls; guides; Hawikuh; Hopi; horses; Iatiku; immigration; indigenous people; Jemez Pueblo; journeys; katsinam; Keresan; kivas; malpais; McCarty's; Mesa Verde; mesas; Mexico; migration; miners; missionaries; missions; mutilation; names; Nautsiti; Navajos; neighbors; New Mexico; New Spain; Niza, Marcos de; Oñate, Juan de; oral history; oral tradition; origin stories; paths; peace; Pecos Pueblo; pictograph; plants; poem; poets; potsherds; potters; pottery; prehistory; presents; priests; Pueblo Revolt; pueblos; raids; railroad; rains; Ramírez, Fray Juan; rebellions; reconquest; rhymes; Rio Grande; rituals; rivers; routes; ruins; salt; servants; settlements; sheep; sisters; sky; slave trade; slaves; Snake Dance; snakes; societies; soldiers; sons; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spain; Spanish; squash; stories; storytellers; surrender; tales; television; tourist; tourist art; traditions; trails; trees; twins; underground; United States; uranium; valleys; Vargas, Don Diego de; veterans; villages; Villagrá, Gaspar Pérez de; walls; warriors; water; World War II; Zaldívar, Juan de; Zaldívar, Vicente de; Zuni |
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Title: Who Were the Lipan and the Kiowa-Apaches?
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
An introduction to the Lipan and Kiowa-Apache peoples.
Two small Apache tribes, the Lipan and the Kiowa-Apache, lived on the western Great Plains during the early 1600s. Today they have become part of the other Apache tribes. Very few of those living today remember the Lipan and the Kiowa-Apache tribal ...
Show Keywords: 1500s; 1600s; 1700s; 1760s; 1830s; 1840s; 1850s; 1870s; 1910s; alliance; Americans; Apaches; bands; bison; Brazos River; camps; captives; Chihuahua; Christianity; Comanches; converts; death; enemies; France; friends; government; Great Plains; guns; hide; horses; Indian Territory; Jiménez, Father Diego; Kansas; Kiowa-Apaches; Kiowas; languages; Lipán Apaches; Mescalero Apaches; missions; Nebraska; New Mexico; nomads; Nueces Mission; Oklahoma; oral tradition; origin stories; Plains Indians; powers; Pueblo Revolt; raids; religion; reservations; Rio Grande; rituals; shields; slaves; smallpox; social organization; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; spirituality; Sun Dance; survivors; tepees; Texas; Texas Rangers; traditions; travois; treaty; tribes; US; US Army; villages; war chief; warfare; warriors; Wichitas |
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Title: The Old Spanish Trail
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
A brief history of the Old Spanish Trail that traders traveled on between California and New Mexico.
Less well known today than the Old Santa Fe Trail, the Old Spanish Trail was a dynamic feature of the early days in the Spanish American Southwest. Long before the explorers and missionaries from Spain worked their way up from Old Mexico into Alta Ca...
Show Keywords: 1700s; 1800s; Abiquiu; Americans; April; Arizona; Atlantic; blankets; boys; buys; California; captives; caravans; children; clothing; Colorado; Colorado River; continents; deserts; entrepreneurs; Europeans; explorers; girls; Grand Canyon; herds; hispanics; history; horses; Indians; indigenous people; journeys; languages; Los Angeles; Los Angeles Times; Mexican War, The; Mexico; miles; missionaries; months; Mormons; mules; networks; Nevada; New Mexico; October; Old Santa Fe Trail; Old Spanish Trail; Pacific Coast; Paiutes; paths; people; plateaus; ranchers; regions; Rio Grande; rivers; Salt Lake City; Santa Fe; sells; serapes; servants; settlements; settlers; sheep; slaves; snow; Southwest; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spain; Spanish; Spanish-American; spring; surpluses; Taos; thousands; trade; traders; traditions; trails; trappers; travelers; United States; US Army; US-Mexican War; Utah; Utes; villages; walks; weaving; white men; winter; workers |
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Title: En Divina Luz: The Penitente Moradas of New Mexico
Author(s):
Michael Wallis (Author)
A Penitente Herman (Brother) speaks of his deep connection with the land and water and his Penitente Brothers and Sisters.
Long after the season of Lent is a memory, la Divina Luz still shimmers. Deep into summer, when the second crop of alfalfa is almost ready to be cut and jars of fresh apricot jam turn up for sale at highway stands, the Divine Light is still there. T...
Show Keywords: 1700s; acequias; adobe; Alcalde; alfalfa; apricots; brothers; Brothers of Light; Catholicism; Christianity; church; corn; corn grinding; crops; cross; crucifix; Española Valley; families; food; God; ground; Hacienda de Los Luceros; hermanas; Hermandad; hermanos; Holy Week; hymns; indigenous people; irrigation; Jesus Christ; La Divina Luz; La Fraternidad Piadoso de Nuestro Padre Jesus Nazarite; Lent; maderos; metate; moradas; penitentes; pottery; prayers; rains; repentance; Rio Grande; rituals; San Juan Pueblo; San Sebastián Martín Land Grant; Sangre de Cristo; sisters; Southwest; spirits; spirituality; Stations of the Cross; suffering; Velarde; water; wisdom |
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Title: Abiquiu
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
A short history of Abiquiu and its peoples, including genizaros in the 1700s.
The village of Abiquiu lies in the Chama River Valley on high ground above the Chama River. People made their homes in the Chama River Valley for at least 5,000 years before the establishment of this village in the 1700s. We know this because we find...
Show Keywords: 1500s; 1600s; 1700s; 1730s; abandon; Abiquiu; attacks; authority; baptizes; beans; bison; buffers; captives; Chama; conflicts; corn; danger; decades; deer; enemies; families; farmers; farming; fields; fights; genizaros; Hernandez; hide; history; home; horses; indigenous people; inhabitants; land grants; leadership; meat; mesas; Navajos; neighbors; New Mexico; peace; Pecos; Plains Indians; populations; presents; pueblos; pumpkins; raids; regions; residents; Rio Grande Valley; rivers; routes; ruins; San Juan Pueblo; San Juan River; Santo Tomas; security; settlements; settlers; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; squash; systems; Taos; territory; trade; Trujillo, Bartolomé; Utes; valleys; villages |
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Title: Penitentes
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
A brief description of the Penitente Brotherhood and the Hispano communities it served.
During the 1600s and 1700s, Hispano settlers in present-day New Mexico lived in small isolated poblaciones, or communities. They built adobe houses, dug acequias (irrigation ditches), and planted their crops along these ditches. The settlers lived in...
Show Keywords: 1600s; 1700s; 1800s; 1850s; acequias; adobe; altar; assistance; authority; brotherhoods; Brothers of Light; buildings; bury; carts; Catholicism; cemeteries; church; crops; cross; crucifix; cultures; death; faiths; families; flagellants; Franciscans; friars; government; help; hermanas; hermanos; hispanics; history; Holy Week; hymns; independence; Jesus Christ; La Fraternidad Piadoso de Nuestro Padre Jesus Nazarite; Lamy, Archbishop John Baptist; Mass; members; men; Mexico; missions; money; moradas; New Mexico; penitentes; plants; prayers; priests; processions; religion; Rio Grande; rituals; rosaries; saints; Santa Cruz; secrets; settlers; sickness; sisters; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; spirituality; suffering; supplies; Third Order of Saint Francis; villages; wakes; worships |
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Title: The Utes
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
A brief history of the Utes.
The Utes call themselves Nunt’z, “the people.” In former times, the Utes roamed in eleven bands across much of Colorado, Utah, and parts of Arizona and New Mexico. Today they live on reservations in southern Colorado and eastern Utah. As many a...
Show Keywords: 1700s; 1770s; 1776; 1800s; 1820s; 1900s; Albuquerque; America; Americans; animals; antelope; Arizona; bands; berries; bison; bows; brush; California; captives; children; clothing; Colorado; conflicts; deer; Denver; dialects; elk; encounters; entradas; expeditions; families; farmers; food; game; gather; glues; gold; horses; hunts; journeys; lands; languages; meat; miners; Mormons; neighbors; New Mexico; Old Spanish Trail; Paiutes; peace; Phoenix; Plains Indians; poles; rabbits; raids; ranchers; reservations; resources; ride; seeds; settlements; shelters; Shoshone; Shoshonean; slave trade; slaves; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; tepees; territory; traders; trappers; travelers; US; US Army; Utah; Utes; Uto-Aztecan; white men; women |
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Title: Trading in the Americas
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
A brief overview of trading in the Americas.
For hundreds of years, indigenous people of the American Southwest, whether on the move or in permanent settlements, traded among themselves. Archeologists have found shells from the Pacific Ocean, parrot feathers from Mexico, and turquoise from dist...
Show Keywords: 1500s; 1600s; 1700s; 1830s; 1840s; 1870s; 1880s; abalone; adventures; Americans; ammunition; archaeologists; Arkansas River; arrest; arrows; authority; automobiles; awls; barters; beads; Bents Fort; bison; blankets; books; brass; businesses; Canada; captives; Chaco Canyon; Chihuahua; clothing; coffee; colonialism; Colorado; combs; copper; dances; east; El Camino Real/Chihuahua Trail; empires; encounters; entradas; feathers; flannels; flour; food; forts; France; furs; Green River; gunpowder; highways; immigration; Indian Markets; indigenous people; iron; Kearny, Stephen; knives; Las Vegas; manufactures; McNitt, Frank; merchandise; merchants; Mexico; migration; mines; mirror; Missouri; monopolies; natives; Navajo Reservation; neighbors; New Mexico; New Spain; Old Santa Fe Trail; opportunities; Pacific Ocean; parrots; Pecos; Pecos Pueblo; Pueblo Indians; pueblos; railroad; regions; ribbons; Rio Grande; Rio Grande Valley; roads; ruins; Santa Fe; Santa Fe Trail; settlements; settlers; shells; slave trade; slaves; Southwest; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; stores; sugar; systems; tacks; Taos; territory; tobacco; towns; trade; trade knives; traders; trading posts; traditions; transports; trappers; travelers; tribes; trinkets; trucks; turquoise; US Army; warehouses; weaving; wires; years |
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Title: Trading Posts in the American Southwest
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
An overall description of trading posts in the American Southwest.
For hundreds of years, people of the American Southwest traded among themselves. They used a system of barter to exchange everything from furs, bison hides, foods, woven material, and clothing to pottery, beads, feathers, and turquoise. The establish...
Show Keywords: 1700s; 1800s; 1840s; 1860s; 1864; Acoma Pueblo; adobe; Americans; Apaches; Arizona; automobiles; barters; beads; bison; blankets; breeding; buildings; centers; centuries; churro; clothing; cowboys; cultures; east; economy; entradas; exiles; feathers; federal government; feet; flocks; food; Fort Defiance; furs; government; hispanics; horses; ideas; Indian Agents; Indians; indigenous people; information; Laguna Pueblo; lands; logs; loneliness; manufactures; materials; meat; mediators; merchandise; miles; Navajo Reservation; Navajos; needles; neighbors; owned; peddlers; people; permission; physicians; post offices; pottery; poverty; public rooms; Pueblo Indians; regions; roads; saddle bags; seeds; sells; settlements; settlers; sheep; sheepherders; shirts; social organization; societies; soldiers; Southwest; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spain; speaks; stones; storerooms; stores; stoves; supplies; systems; threads; tools; trade; traders; trading posts; travelers; treaty; trucks; turquoise; United States; US Army; Utes; values; wagons; weaving; white men; wool; years; Zuni; Zuni Pueblo |